internal class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        int exponent = 1;
        int number = 2;
        int counter = number;
        int randMin = 2;
        int randMax = 1001;

        Random random = new Random();
        int numberMax = random.Next(randMin, randMax);

        while (counter < numberMax)
        {
            counter *= number;
            exponent++;
        }

        Console.WriteLine($"Минимальная степень числа {number}, превосходящая число {numberMax} - {exponent}");
        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}